斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)連(lian)接(jie)房(fang)檐與(yu)承重柱和(he)梁(liang)的(de)部分,整個(ge)屋頂的(de)重量自(zi)然通過不同位(wei)置的(de)斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)傳到柱子上(shang)。斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)承受梁(liang)架傳下(xia)來的(de)荷載,并(bing)將其(qi)傳到主子上(shang),在(zai)通過柱礎傳至屋檐。它可(ke)以(yi)(yi)承托挑檐,使檐部挑出更(geng)遠,以(yi)(yi)保(bao)護墻身(shen)和(he)臺基(ji)。在(zai)室內還可(ke)以(yi)(yi)承托天花(hua)枋,構成室內天花(hua)。在(zai)設有平坐的(de)多層建筑中,斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)又是(shi)(shi)(shi)平坐的(de)支(zhi)撐(cheng)構件,所以(yi)(yi),斗(dou)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中國古代建筑中重要的(de)結構構件。
