斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)是連接房(fang)檐(yan)(yan)(yan)與承(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)柱和梁的(de)(de)部分(fen),整個(ge)屋頂(ding)的(de)(de)重(zhong)量自然通(tong)過不同位置的(de)(de)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)傳(chuan)到柱子上(shang)。斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)承(cheng)(cheng)受梁架傳(chuan)下來的(de)(de)荷載,并將其傳(chuan)到主(zhu)子上(shang),在(zai)通(tong)過柱礎傳(chuan)至(zhi)屋檐(yan)(yan)(yan)。它可(ke)以承(cheng)(cheng)托(tuo)挑檐(yan)(yan)(yan),使檐(yan)(yan)(yan)部挑出(chu)更遠,以保護墻身(shen)和臺(tai)基。在(zai)室(shi)內(nei)還可(ke)以承(cheng)(cheng)托(tuo)天花枋(fang),構成室(shi)內(nei)天花。在(zai)設有平坐的(de)(de)多(duo)層建筑(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong),斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)又是平坐的(de)(de)支(zhi)撐構件,所以,斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)是中(zhong)(zhong)國古代建筑(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)結構構件。
