斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)是(shi)連(lian)接房檐(yan)與(yu)承(cheng)重(zhong)柱和梁的(de)部分,整個屋(wu)頂的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)自然通(tong)過不同位置的(de)斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)傳到柱子上(shang)(shang)。斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)承(cheng)受(shou)梁架傳下(xia)來的(de)荷載,并將其(qi)傳到主子上(shang)(shang),在(zai)通(tong)過柱礎傳至屋(wu)檐(yan)。它可以承(cheng)托挑(tiao)檐(yan),使檐(yan)部挑(tiao)出更遠,以保護墻身和臺基(ji)。在(zai)室(shi)(shi)內還可以承(cheng)托天(tian)花(hua)枋,構(gou)成室(shi)(shi)內天(tian)花(hua)。在(zai)設(she)有平坐的(de)多層(ceng)建筑中,斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)又是(shi)平坐的(de)支撐構(gou)件(jian)(jian),所以,斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)是(shi)中國古代(dai)建筑中重(zhong)要的(de)結構(gou)構(gou)件(jian)(jian)。
