斗拱(gong)是(shi)連接房檐與承重柱(zhu)(zhu)和梁的部(bu)分,整個屋頂的重量(liang)自然通(tong)過(guo)不同位置(zhi)的斗拱(gong)傳(chuan)(chuan)到(dao)柱(zhu)(zhu)子上(shang)(shang)。斗拱(gong)承受梁架傳(chuan)(chuan)下來的荷載,并(bing)將其傳(chuan)(chuan)到(dao)主(zhu)子上(shang)(shang),在(zai)通(tong)過(guo)柱(zhu)(zhu)礎傳(chuan)(chuan)至屋檐。它可以(yi)承托挑檐,使檐部(bu)挑出更遠,以(yi)保護墻身和臺基(ji)。在(zai)室內還可以(yi)承托天花枋,構成(cheng)室內天花。在(zai)設有平坐的多層建(jian)筑中(zhong)(zhong),斗拱(gong)又(you)是(shi)平坐的支撐構件,所(suo)以(yi),斗拱(gong)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國古代建(jian)筑中(zhong)(zhong)重要的結構構件。
