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斗拱(gong)，是中(zhong)國古代(dai)建(jian)筑上特有的構件(jian)，它(ta)的產(chan)生(sheng)和發(fa)展有著非常悠久的歷(li)史。從兩千多年前戰國時代(dai)采桑獵(lie)壺上的建(jian)筑花紋圖案，以及漢代(dai)保存下(xia)來的墓(mu)闕、壁畫(hua)上，都可(ke)以看到早期斗拱(gong)的形象。
斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的種(zhong)類(lei)很多，形制復雜。按使用(yong)部(bu)位分，它(ta)可以分為(wei)內檐(yan)斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、外檐(yan)斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、平(ping)座斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。外檐(yan)斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，又(you)可分為(wei)柱頭科斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(用(yong)于柱頭位置上的斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong))、角(jiao)科斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(用(yong)于殿堂角(jiao)上的斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong))和平(ping)身科頭拱(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。
